Samarra is the finest preserved example of the architecture and city planning. The golden mosque following the february 22 bombing epa prague, june 28, 2006 rferl on february 22, a bomb destroyed a shiite shrine in samarra. The caliph al moutawakkel ala allah ordered the construction of the samraa mosque, from 234 237 in hegira year, 849 852 a. Alaskariya golden mosque in samarra, iraq blown up if the entire muslim world went nuts over silly cartoons that they considered so damned significant, ill be waiting with bated breath to see and hear their reaction to the destruction of the dome of a site islams largest mosque where two of the 12. Samarra s archaeological city is the site of a powerful islamic capital city that ruled over the provinces of the abbasid empire extending from tunisia to central asia for a century. Abbasid heritage with other geographical contexts, for example in the eastern. Iraqi architecture samarra, great or almutawakkil mosque.
The buildings of samarra represent a new artistic concept in islamic architecture in the malwiya and abu dulaf mosques, in the form of a unique example in the. The great mosque of samarra is located in samarra city, in iraq, about 120 km north of baghdad, on the banks of river tigris. Often called the largest archaeological site in the world, samarra stretches more than 40 kilometers along the tigris. Classic architecture concept architecture architecture design. The ruins of samarra thus offer an unparalleled glimpse of one version of an earlyislamic imperial city plan. There was a merchant in bagdad who sent his servant to market to buy provisions and in a little while the servant came back, white and trembling, and said, master, just now when i was in the marketplace i was jostled by a woman in the crowd and when i turned i saw it was death that jostled me. Will great mosque of samarra and its minaret survive. Several important excavations and surveys have taken place at samarra. Alaskari mosque bombing 2006 project gutenberg self. Materials and the style of buildings used in iraq during. Samarra abu dulaf mosque and minaret salah addin governorate. Although no injuries occurred in the blasts, the mosque was severely damaged. Samarra has the best preserved plan of an ancient large city, being abandoned relatively early and so avoiding the constant rebuilding of longer lasting cities.
Samarra, iraq the malwiya minaret, an impressive tower at a height of 52 meters 171 feet with a spiral ramp, still recalls the past glory of the great mosque of samarra, which had been the largest mosque in the world during the abbasid caliphate. Saved from archiveofaffinities archive of affinities. It stands on the east bank of the tigris in the saladin governorate, 125 kilometers 78 mi north of baghdad. Security plan 15 feb 07 samarra mosque bombing 22 feb 06 parliamentary elections, 15 dec 05 iraqi referendum 15 oct 05. At some 120 km 75 mi from the capital baghdad, the mosque sits on the banks of the tigris river, and it was built between 848 and 851 by the abbasid caliph almutawakkil who reigned in the area. Great mosque of samarra, abbasid palace in karbala, iraq. The abbasid caliph almutawakkil commissioned the construction of a new congregational mosque for the city of samarra after his succession to the throne in the midninth centurythird century ah. Floor plan of mosque of mutawakkil, samarra archnet.
Somerset maugham 1933 the speaker is death there was a merchant in bagdad who sent his servant to market to buy provisions and in a little while the servant came back, white and trembling, and said, master, just now when i was in the marketplace i was jostled by a woman in the crowd and when i. The great mosque of samarra with its spiral minaret the. Completed in 852, it was used until the end of the 11th century. From trace records, the intensity of adoption and adaptation from external values and changes towards modernization could be responded to. The planned of the mosque and the emirates house and photo of. Introduction to mosque architecture if youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. The art and architecture of the mosque were influential.
The mosque, together with the ziyada the extra or empty space between the mosque and the surrounding buffer wall, occupies an area of 6. During the sectarian violence in iraq 200607, samarra was in the sunni triangle of violence. Samarra holds the tomb of two imams, the 10th, ali alhadi and the. The most prominent remains of this past is the famous great friday mosque from 852 with the unique spiral minaret. Samarra arab jabour hay alandullah sinjar emir of sinjar 10 tarmiyah. All the establishments and the tangible remains that were built by the muslims or those who lived under the reign of muslim rulers and where heavily influenced by the cultural and social. Mb mosquemodified floor plans 022511mosque first floor plan. Streets were also established and all of them led to the mosque. Within the new city he constructed a congregational mosque known locally as jami abi dulaf abu dulaf mosque. The mosque enclosure is one hundred times bigger than the first mosque built by the prophet and can accommodate more than half a million worshippers.
Jami almutawakkil samarra floor plan of mosque and. It was built in the 9th century, commissioned by the abbasid caliph almutawakkil, who moved to samarra to escape conflict with the local population in baghdad and remained there for the next 56 years a period during which he built many palaces including the largest. University of edinburgh philosophy the university of edinburgh. P 0263 does islamic architecture reflect islam faith. The great mosque of samarra or great mosque of almutawakkil is a 9th century mosque located in samarra, iraq.
The architecture of the prophets holy mosque, al madinah. Building, culture, and politics in mamluk egypt and syria london. Between 859245 ah and 861247 ah, the abbasid caliph almutawakkil relocated the court from samarra to a new settlement that he named almutawakkiliyya, located to the north of the original city founded under mutasim. Pointed arches outer court central court, with fountain for. Dalal bridge in zakho, iraq are the examples of islamic architecture in abbasid period. Report on the joint world heritage centreicomos reactive.
This mosque itself is predominantly in ruins, with only the outer walls standing. Iraq significant site 055 samarra abu dulaf mosque and. Pointed arches outer court central court, with fountain. Samarra, about 124 km north of baghdad, is one of the four islamic holy cities of iraq, and is considered as the largest ancient city known in the whole world with its majestic ruins which extends about 9 km horizontally and 34 km vertically along the eastern bank of the tigris. Dome of the golden mosque destroyed fdds long war journal. The attack on the mosque, one of the holiest sites in shia islam, is believed to have been caused by alqaeda in iraq. A mihrab is usually a relatively shallow niche, as in the example from egypt, above. Multinational forceiraq charts to accompany the testimony of gen david h. In 2003 the city had an estimated population of 348,700. Media in category great mosque of samarra the following 31 files are in this category, out of 31 total. There has been no rail services to samarra for more then a decade, however rehabilitation on the line from baghdad are under way and train services might resume in 2019 or 2020. Al mutawakkil caliph was order to build the main big mosque in samarra in 825.
The most fundamental necessity of congregational mosque architecture is that. These buildings were within the center of the city. Pdf criticizing study of the master plan of samarra city. But the master plan, recently done by a foreign company for samarra city, the case study, through a contract with the general administration for physical planning, conclude to a deduction that. The great mosque of samarra was at one time the largest mosque in the world. Great mosque of samarra infopediapk all facts in one site. Jun 26, 2014 iraqis walk past the damaged alaskari mosque following an explosion in samarra, 95 kilometers 60 miles north of baghdad, iraq on feb. Great mosque of samarra samarra, iraq atlas obscura. Arab islamic architecture in iraq until the end of the abbasid period. The first mosque, built in 836, has now disappeared. Click the download button to download a zipped file containing the. Jun 28, 2006 the golden mosque following the february 22 bombing epa prague, june 28, 2006 rferl on february 22, a bomb destroyed a shiite shrine in samarra, north of baghdad, setting off a rash of. The great mosque of samarra is a remnant of what once was the largest mosque in the world, located in the city of samarra, in the central part of the republic of iraq. Samarra archaeological city unesco world heritage centre.
Great mosque of samarra, samarra, iraq tourist information. The malwiya minaret, an impressive tower at a height of 52 meters 171 feet with a spiral ramp, still recalls the past glory of the great mosque of samarra, which had been the largest mosque in the world during the abbasid caliphate. The mosque was commissioned in 848 and completed in 851 by the abbasid caliph almutawakkil who reigned in samarra from 847 until 861. It continued to be used until the end of the 11th century. The ahmed ibn tulun mosque is roughly square in shape, measureing 162 m. The rectangular hypostile plan of the umayyad mosque, for instance, is retained but the materials and methods of construction, as well as some structural forms and the massive scale of the new mosques and palaces are related to the mesopotamian heritage. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. Basically, the mosque has an irregular rectangular plan with. Samarra archaeological city iraq unesco world heritage centre. Located on both sides of the river tigris km north of.
Feb 22, 2006 great mosque of samarra the great mosque of samarra was built in 848852 ad on an open plan principle, it is the largest mosque of islam 748 x 512 ft. Modern samarra is much smaller than the abbasid site and so a large portion remains open to excavation and analysis. The column pedestals have ventilation grills that regulate the temperature inside the prayer hall. Samarra is the finest preserved example of the architecture and city planning of the. The mosque follows almost the same model as the earlier mosque of almutawakkil at samarra, but the plan of the complex is better preserved. It is known as malwiya, this 180 foot tower was the main focal point of mosque. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. An ambitious restoration process began in the late 1990s, aiming at rebuilding the columns and eventually the roof. Materials and the style of buildings used in iraq during the islamic. In 2007, unesco named samarra one of its world heritage sites. Mosque of abu dulaf, minaret, socle and entrance, plan by. The great mosque of samarra, otherwise known as the great mosque of almutawakkil, was once one of the largest mosques in the world.
Great mosque of samarra is a 9thcentury mosque located in samarra, iraq. The abu dulaf mosque, was built as the congregational mosque of almutawakkiliyya, the new royal city begun in 859, and abandoned at the end of 861. The great mosque of samarra was, for a time, the largest mosque in the world. The main monuments of samarra are the great samarra mosque and abu dalaf mosque, that is set 50 km to the north of the city. This mosque replaced the congregational mosque constructed by mutwakkils predecessor almutasim, whose traces are unidentified but would have been located nearby. The great mosque of samarra, iraq charismatic planet. The 9thcentury great mosque and its spiral minaret are among the.
The 2006 alaskari mosque bombing occurred at the alaskari mosque in the iraqi city of samarra, on february 22, 2006, at about 6. Floor plan of mosque and minaret in autocad 2000 format. Dec 14, 2015 mosque of abu dulaf, plan, samarra, 847861. Mosque architecture in general tracing the historical values of mosque architecture on certain culture or country is imperative to understand the evolution of religion and cultural paradigm.
Read and learn for free about the following article. Mosque plans as site plan approved in sept 2011 comply with parking bylaw 188 spaces based on net floor area formula mosque plans as revised in jan 2012 also comply with approved recommendation in the places of worship study formula for parking where there are no fixed seats 0. In addition, we are going to track the settlement in the city of samarra and the. The mosque of abu dulaf became the new congregational mosque, serving the same function the great mosque in samarra during this brief twoyear period. Mosque of abu dulaf, plan, samarra, 847861 how to plan. A blog exploration of what islamic architecture really is. An analytical study of mosque layouts in the early ottoman period article pdf available december 20 with 9,622 reads how we measure reads. Mihrab pointed arches central court, with fountain for ablutions minaret its spiral form recalling samarra qibla wall facing mecca sanctuary outer. Ahmad ibn tulun mosque mosque of ahmed ibn tulun askaladdin. The most beautiful mosques of cairo i once upon a time in the year 876 when charles le chauve. Abu dulaf mosque follows almost the same model as the earlier mosque of almutawakkil at samarra, but the plan of the complex is better preserved. Samarra was the second capital of the abbasid caliphate after baghdad.